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In 412 BC, during the Peloponnesian War, the Athenians strengthened the fortress, which occupied a strategic position, from which it commanded the entrance to the Saronic and South Euboea gulfs and protected the whole of southern Attica. In 332 BC it was captured by the Macedonians who were expelled by Demetrios Poliorketes in 307 BC. Despite Athenian resistance, it fell into the hands of the Macedonians once more in 263 BC to be retaken by the Athenians in 229 BC.